Improvement in machines for scouring, setting, and glassing leather



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F. A. LocKWoon. y MACHINES FR SCOURING, SETTING AND GLASSING LEATHER.

Patented Ju'1y18,1876.

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I.. WAIT- 4 sheets-sheet s;

LA. LocKWoon.

MACHINES FOR SCOURING, SETTING AND G'LASSING LEATHER. No.179',928. v Patented J'u1y18, 1876.

' N.PTERS, PNDTD-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D C

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MACHINES FOR SCOURNG, SETTING AND GLASISING LEATHER. No. 179,928. Patented July I18, 1876.

NPETERS, FHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER, WASHINGYON, D C4 NITED STATES FREDERIC A. LOGKWOOD, F FALL RIVER, MASSACHUSETTS;

epecication formingpart of Letters Patent No. 179,928, dated July 18, 1876-; application filed May 1, i816.

To all'whom it muy concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIC A. LOCK- WOOD, of Fall River, Bristol county, Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Machinery for Securing, Setting, or Glassing` Leather or Beaming Hides, of which the following is a specification:

My present improvements relate to a class of machines ,in which the skin or leather is placed upon a stationary table, While the superposed operative mechanisms or dressingtools are suspended from a beam surmounting the table, the tool stock or carrier being susceptible of a universal freedom of motion in any direction, by which means access is readily had to all parts of the skin, my machine, as herein shown, heing'distinguished from other classes which perform Athe same labor, in that the tool-supporting carriers of the latter move in arbitrary paths of motion, While the various' movements and changes in position which are requisite to manipulate all parts of the skin are imparted to the table which supports such skin.

Heretofore, in the employment of machinery for performing the operations before named, great labor devolves upon the attendants, and the process is comparatively slow.

vMy object in devising this machine has been, mainly, to relieve the attendant of the constant labor .and watchfulness which has heretofore been imperative, as Well as to render the machine, to a great extent, self-operative,

and more rapid in executing its various functions.

A marked instance of the class of machines to which my present improvements bear iutimate relation -is shown `in Letters Patent of the United States 'numbered 143,829 and 157,691, and issued to lne, respectively, on the 21st day of October, 1873, and the 15th day of December, 1874; but While inthese patented machines the tool-carriage is suspended from a beam or crane which describes a horizontal circulararc over the skin-supporting table, in mypresent machine such toolcarriage is suspended from and slides upon a rigid beam, which departs horizontally from and slides vertically Within or upon an upright truck disposed at one side of the said table, and. traveling `to and fro of the latter The drawings accompanying this speciiica-l tion represent, in Figure l, a side elevation, in Fig. '2 a plan, and in Fig. 3 a rear elevation, of a machine embodying my improved construction. Fig. et is a section of the ,machine above the operating-table. Fig. 5 is a diagram, and Fig. 6 a section, of .the irregular" channel of the governor-wheel as developed upon a plane surface. Figs. 7 and 8 are side views, and Fig.`9 a section, of the end of the oscillating beam and the adjustable sleeve thereon, to be hereinafter explained.` Fig. l0" is a section of the air-cylinder and plunger, to

be. explained. Reference being had to the above-mentioned' drawings, it will be seeuthat A represents a horizontal table, of a size to receive one or more skins, as occasion may demand, as,

owing to the great range land freedom ot' movement of my toolcarriage, I am not confined within arbitrary bounds, but'am enabled to treat two or more skins upon one table,

and shift the position of the carriage from one to another, an'l thus, while 011e skin is being manipulated, permit the finished one to be removed and a fresh one substituted, by which means I avoid the loss of time heretop fore incident to the 'cessation of the functions of the machine while a skin is being removed and another supplied'.

rIhe table- A is supported upon a stage, B,

which is erected upon the oor (l ot' the apartment or the foundation of the machine, whatever the latter may be; and as I have made provision for leveling the table A or adjusting it to sloping or irregular ioors or foundations, I have, in the accompanying drawings, represented the said iioor -as sloping and de- PATENT Ciertos.'

pressed at rear, which is desirable in ,order` thatrei'use water and liquids may pass off.

Io compensate for the inclination of the oor (l, I dispose the front ends of the lower beams D of thc stage B upon metallic blocks E, and I screw through the said ends of the beam screws l?, to `bear upon said blocks, by which means tlieirregularities or inclinations of the floor are overcome. To further aid in the perfect adjustment ot' the table`.A, its braces or rails G may be combined with the staging in a similar manner, and to accom'- plish this I forni upon one or both ends of such rails feet H, through which screws I pass and bear upon the upper bars J ofthe.

stage.

j In rear of the table A I dispose anupright standard or truck, K, whose movements are guided by a horizontal rail or way, L, secured 'to the rear ends of the beams D, and parallel to the edge ofthe said table. Flan ged wheels or trundles M are interposed between the truck K and rail L to reduce friction, while a second series of rollers, N, are pivoted to the feet of the truck, and roll upon or against the front edge of the said rail, and serve as rolling bearings to retain the wheels M in place uponthe rail L, and overcome the great friction incident to the leverage ofthe truck over the upper rail as a fulcrum.

To insure the perpendicularity of the truck K, I employ a hooked clasp, O, which extends forward from the truck, and engages a ledge, P, erected upon the rear upper edge ot' the stage B, and, in connection with such clasps, I pivot to the adjacent parts of the truck anti-friction rollers Q, which travel against the rearedge of the ledge P.

i The open horizontal beam or crane which supports the tool-carriageis shown at R as composed of side beams R3 R4 and suitable outer cross-bars, formed upon its front and rear end with flanges or splines S, to enter vertical grooves T in the inner faces of the upper endsofthe side posts U U of the truck K, by which means 'the saidbeam, while assuming a horizontal position, is permitted to slide vertically upon the truck with respect to the table A.

To eii'ect the requisite traverses with a comparatively slow movement, in either direction, ofthe truck upon the rail L, in order that the dressing-tools may, while in active operation, be presented to any and all parts of the skin or skins which may be upon the table A, I secure tothe rear side of the stage B, and below Vthe level of said table, a horizontal toothed rack, V, and engaging this rack I employ a barrel-pinion, W, which is secured tothe lower end of a vertical rod, X, which, in turn,is mountedin bearingsY Z at top and bottom of the truck K, the upper bearing Y being a horizontal cross-bar or shelf,'whiehV unites the upper portions of the side posts of the truck. To the upper extremityof the rodv X I affix a beveled gear, a, which engages a beveled pinion, b, in turn aflixed to the inner end of a short horizontal shaft, c, such shaft being supported in a furcated standard, d, erected upon the cross-bar Y, before named, and in Vthe present instance to the right of the rod X, looking from the front of the table A.

To the opposite or outer end of the shaft c, which protrudes through the adjacent beam R4, I affix a beveled gear, e, which at bottom engages a beveled pinion, f, affixed to or making part of `a sleeve or tube, g, which is mounted loosely upon the lower part ot an t upright elutehshaft, h, such shaft being supported vin bearings t' j, projecting laterally Vfrom the outer side of the said beam R4, and

provided at its upper extremity with a pulley, l. A second beveled pinion, m, making part of a sleeve, u, engages the upper part of the gear e, and, like its counterpart, (the pinion f,) is mounted Yloosely upon the shaft h,`the adjacentends of the two sleeves g and n being toothed, or otherwise fashioned to intercept and lofck'fto an intermediate similarly-formed `sleeve or tubular slider, o, which encompasses `and slides loosely,but does not rotate, 'upon the shaft h, and serves to transmit the rotations of the shaft to one or the other of the spinions g` and n, according to the direction `the beam R is to travel over the skin, or to remain neutral between them when the skin is to be operated upon continuously in 011e spot, or not at all.

To elect the adjustment or shipping of the intermediate slider o, I employ a long shipperrod, p, which is pivoted,approximately near its center, to the outer side of the beamR, and straddles, at its rear end, the said slider, while its front end is bent into an arm or spur, q, which enters a continuous groove or channel, i", created in the periphery of a horizontal disk or hub, s, such disk or hub being affixed to the lower end of a spindle, t, which is` is composed of a general neutral passage or,`

portion, w, which is concentric with the periphery of the disk, and occupies its greater part, the disposition of this neutral passage, with respect to the shipperrod p, slider o, and gear e, being such that when the spur q of such rod is in such passage, the slider is in termediate between the sleeves g and m, and consequently the rotations ofthe shaft h have no effect upon the gear, and the truck and tool-carriage remain stationary with respect to the table. Ihe channel 'r further embraces two portions or turn-outs, 3/ and z, each. of which departs from the neutral passage x to such an extent as to elevate or depress thel outs only from one direction, as the entrance to the latter is stopped upon either side ot' central-disposed gates b1 b1 by sloping steps or inclined planes c1 d1. My object in this is,

that the position of the shipper, when the latter is in its normal position, (that is, with itsY spur g situated in the intermediate passage 111,) may be instantly changed, and, by clutching the -slider o to one or the other ot' the sleeves g or a, cause the dressing-tools to instantaneously move over the skin.

In order to obtain a clear understanding of the operation of this portion of my improve- Aments, attention is called to the fact that the turn-out y actuates the shipper in such a direction as to cause the beam R and tool-carriage to travel to the right, while the opposite or twin turn-out, z, causes the said truck'and carriage to travel to the left. The operation of the parts, as hereafter stated, will be readily understood.

As I propose to employ, for purposes hereafter stated, a second shipping apparatus, disposed upon the opposite side ot' the beam It, I desire that thc disk s shall operate both rods by reversing the position of such diskthat is to say, rotating it through one hundred and eighty degrees ot' a circle, so that the turn-outs y and z shall operate the second shipper-rod. As it is imperative that the shipper-rod p shall remain in an idle or neutral position while' the opposite rod is acted uponl employthe neutral passage x; and as I prefer that the movement ot' either shipper-rod, in the act of shipping the slider o, shall commence only when the spur ot' such rod is intermediate between the tnrn-ontsy and z, in order that I may lower or raise the rod, ac-l cording to the direction -in which yI desire to move the toolcarriage, I employ the sloping steps c1 d1, in order that the spur of the rod may, when the disk is turned in one direction, ride over suchv sloping steps; but t'or this or an equivalent arrangement, thespur ofthe shipper-rod would, while the turn-outs are being brought into position to act upon it after leaving the opposite rod, beliable to enter the wrong one and start the tool-carriage in the wrong direction.

By'allowing the shipping of' the rod to be accomplished only from the point intermediate between the two turn-outs I avoid what would otherwise be serious objections, since the dressing tools might inadvertently be caused to act upon a portion ot' a skin which was already sutli ciently manipulated. We thus see that the operator, by simply turning the 'hand-disks, is enabled, with little exertion, to

completely control the movements ot' the toolcarriage to and fro ot' the table, from right to` let't, or vice versa.

When a large skin is to be manipulated will frequently occur that'the tool-carriage may be allowed to travel over and act upon`- the skin without the attendance of the operator, thus enabling the latter, while such movement is taking place, to remove the skin which may have been completed and substitute a freshone.

Should the operatorallow the carriage to travel tootar, serious results would follow; and to guard against such results I employ a means ot' arresting the movement ot' the said carriage when it has reached the extreme point to which it is desirable it should move; and in furtherance ot this object I provide a horizontal shipper-lever, e1, which I pivot at 'about its center to the lower bearing j of the shalt h, the inner end of such lever being pivoted to the rear extremity ot' a horizontal rod,

'1, which is disposed between the beams R3 R4,

and extends forward into close proximity to the hand wheel or disk s.

When the hand-wheel s is adjusted to bring the vshipper-rod p into the turn-out y the truck K begins to travel to the right, and continues this movement, without further attention on the part ot' the operator, until the outer or free end g1 of the lever el arrives at, and abuts against, a post, hl, erected at the right of the table A, when acontinued movement-otI the truck turns such lever upon its fulcruln, and in so doing drives forward the rod f1, which abuts against a spur', i, ot' the hand-wheel s, and rotates the latter upon its axis to such an extent that its neutral-passage point al embraces the end ot' the shipper-rod, the sleeve 0 is released from engagement with the sleeve n, and the rotations ot' the gear c cease, and the travel ot' the tool-carriage is arrested.

It' but one shipping apparatus were employed the long neutral passage or in the handwheel would be unnecessary 5 and in the present instance its purpose is only to receive the end of the shipper-rod, and retain the -latter in an inoperative position while the turn-outs are 'being brought into a position to act upon the opposite rod.

The shippipg mechanism, which I have already describcd, is to control the movements ot' the tool-carriage and tools with a slow movement, in order to loperate to the best advantage upon a skin 3 and as it is very desirable that 1 comparativelyv rapid movements should be imparted to such carriage while it is being brought into position to act upon a skin, or while moving from a finished skin to a fresh one, I employ a second shipping mechanism to elifect such rapid movement. This second mechanism is a counterpart of the irstv eled pinion f6, sleeve ya, clutch-shaft h6, bearings 6- j, pulley Z6, second beveled pinion m6 i` traces and sleeve a, tubular slider 0G, shipper-rod p6 and its spur q, shipper-lever e7, and rod f 7.

As the operation of this second shipping mechanism is precisely similar to the first, it is believed it will be readily understood without further explanation; and I would merely add that the pulley lG is of much less diameter than that ofthe pulley l, in order that the respective movements of the tool-carriage and truck may be correspondingly rapid.

To et'ect the vertical adjustment ofthe beam R and tool-carriage and tools, and thus adapt ihelatter to act with equa-l effect upon skins of varying thicknesses, I employ an eccentric,

jh which I pivot to a start, k1, projecting from the rear end ofthe beam It, and bearin g upon a roller, il, pivoted tothe top of the cross-bar Y, before alluded to. The pivot of the eccentric jl is a short horizontal shaft, m1, which passes through the start k1, and bears at one end a beveled gear, nl, which engages a beveled pinion, o1, which ill turn is atxedito the rear end of a long horizontal shaft, p1, which is disposed within the upper part ofthe trussed beam It, and protrudes through the front end of the latter, where it is provided with a handwheel, q1, by which its rotations are readily effected. By turning the hand-wheel q1 in one or the other direction, thebeam It and the tool-carriage and tools are raised and lowered at pleasure.

'Io effect the requisite traverses of the toolcarriage to and fro of the beam R, which are necessary to enable the dressing-tools carried by the carriage to reach and operate upon all parts of a skin, I proceed as follows: The main support of the tool-carriage is an arched or trussed beam or yoke, 1*', which is suspended at its crown or center from the lowerend of an uprightshaft, s1, such shaft, in turn, depending from the center of a cross-head or carriage, t1, which slides within the beam R upon suitable guidesor ways al u1, applied to the inner sides of the latter, while the shaft, near its lower part, revolves in a hanger, v1, depending from the beam R.

'Io the upper and lower part of the shaft sl I mount loosely a sleeve, w1, or m1, upon cach ofwhich I form beveled pinions y1 or zl, while alongside the said shaft, and ca pable of engaging these pinions, I pivot upon a horizontal shaft, a2, a beveled gear, b2. Between the sleeves 'w1 ml, and encompassing the shaft s1, I

dispose a tubular slider, c2, the arrangement4 and ope ation ot' shafts s* and a?, and pinions yl zl, gear b2, sleeves w1 w1, and slider c, being precisely the sameas thatof the shafts c and h, pinionsfand m, gear e, sleevesg and u, and slider o, before referred to as a portion of the mechanism for effecting the lateral traverses ofthe truck K.

To the outside ofthe gear b21 affix a toothed pinion, d2, which engages a horizontal toothed rack, 62,' extending from end to end of the beam R, while swiveled at one end to the slider c2 I employ a T- shaped lever or shipper, f2, which is pivoted atits bend, as shown at g2, to a bracket, h2, projecting forward from the front'side of the cross-head t1, the lower arm or handle i2 of such lever straddling a rigid arm, jz, which "extends forward horizontally from an annular frame or plate, 7a2, up-

held by the hanger @1,*before referred jto, a

friction-shoe, Z2, bein gapplied to the lever, and

impinging against the arm, to prevent accidental misplacen'icnt of such arm, or clandes` tine engagement of the slider c2 with one or the other of the sleeves wl ml.

The shaft s2 being in rotation by means of 1 a pulley, p2, atlixed to'its upper end, itis obvious that whenthe lower arm or handle i? of the lever j'Z is pushed owutward by the attendant, the slider c2 will be thrown into engagement with the upper sleeve w1,- consequently thc gear l)Z and pinion d2 will be rotated, and the latter act uponthe rack e2, to drive the `latter Iand the tool-carriage forward upon the beam It, while a reverse movement of the handle i2 will reverse the movement of said I pinion and gear, and the tool-carriage will bc moved in an opposite direction, the friction of the said handle upon the arm j2 being sufficient to retain the slider in contact with the pinion which it engages.

When the slider c2 is in engagement with one or the other of the sleeves @01 m1, the tool- `carriage will travel automatically along the bea m; and to estop this movement as thccarriage reaches its extreme position in either di-` rection, should the attendant fail to do so by `changing the shipper, I provide a means of automatically effecting the requisite throw of the shipper, which means, in the present 1n-` stance, consist 4inthe employment of two horizontal rods or bars, m2 n2, which extend `iuward from each en d of the beam R, angl approach within a short distance of the linger o2 ofthe lever f2. 'Ihe rods m2 a2 are so arranged that, as the tool-carriage A3 approaches its extreme position in either direction, thel linger 02 abuts against one or the other of the saidrods, and the continued movement of the carriage moves the lever upon its fulcrum until the slider c2 is removed from engagement with the sleeve wl'or w1, as the case may be.

The driving-pulley, from which the machine derives motion,` is shown at q2 as mounted upon a shaft, r2, within an open frame or head, s2, disposed upon the top of a post, t2, bolted to, and forming part of, the table-frame at the left end, the rotations of such pulley being imparted to a beveled gear, u2, affixed to the outer end of said shaft, and engaging a second beveled gear, fm2, which, iu turn, is affixed to an upright stud, x2, erected upon the top of the open head s2, before named, a pulley, yz, being' secured to, or making part of, the last-named gear wz.

An idle-pulley, z2, is pivoted to the topuof the post h1, before named as erected at the right of the table A, the purpose in securing changeable, and permit the driving power to stu be placed upon either side of the machine, while the method ot' securing the head s2 atljustably to its support is to enable the angle of the drivin g-pulley to be changed at pleasure, and adapt it to the position of the pulley' from which it derives power. AThe pulley z2 also serves as a belt-tightener,`as its position with respect to the pulley y2 is easily changed.

At various positions upon the top of the beam R I pivot idle pulleys or rollers, these latter being shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings at b3, c3, cl3, and e3, and serving, in'connection with the pulleys 1,192, q2, y2, and z2, to enable me to drive the entire machine with one belt. rlhis belt is shown at f3 as passing about the series ot' pulleys in the order shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, by which means the pulleys l, p2, q2, and y2 are rotated in the direction of their arrows.

I will now describe the mechanism immediately connected with or composing the tooloperating agencies. To the extreme lower end of the shaft s1 I aflix a crank, g3, to the pendent wrist-pin of which crank I pivot a horizontal spur-gear, h3, which constitutes an epicycle, and travels within and engages an annular toothed rack or epicycloidal wheel, 113, which, in turn, is upheld by a horizontal ringplate, j, secured to -the arched bar r1, and dis-` posed concentrically with the axis of the shaft s1. From the under side of the gear or epicycle h3, and near its periphery, depends a stud, Z3, while pivoted or swiveled at its upper end to this stud is an upright post, m3, erected centrally upon a barrel or tubular slider, a3, which encompasses and slides to and fro upon a horizontal rod or beam, 03, spanning the arms ot' the arched bar r1. As the dressing-tools which operate upon the skin, and which are shown at p3 p3, are carried by the slider a3, and as the latter is caused by the epicycloidal wheels h3 andi3 to travel upon the beam o3 in reciprocating rectilinear paths of movement in a horizontal plane, the tools are compelled to travel over and wipe upon the skin in a right line, while the rotary motion of which the arched support rl is susceptible combines to permit of a universal freedom of motion to the tools in any direction. The upper part of the arched bar 'rl is provided with a semicircular plate g3, which is received within a rabbet in the under side of the ringplate 73, and is formed with notches r3, while operating with these notches is a spring-latch, s3, pivoted to the arm j, hereinbefore referred to as extending forwardfrom the said ringplate j. In'connection with this spring-latch s3 I employ a bent lever or catch-bar, t3, which is pivoted at its bend to the front end of the said arm jz, and has its upper end converted into a hook, a3, to seize hold of the said latch and prevent it from engaging the notches r3.

When it becomesdesirable to change vthe path of motion or angle with which the tools act upona skin the operator depresses the handle of the latch, and removes it from the notch r3, inV which it may at the same time be,

when it is seized by the catch-bar t3 and rctained in this position. The operator is now enabled to readily turn the tool-carriage and tools about in the arc of a circle, and permit such tools to act upon the skin in any desired direction.

When it is desired that the tools shall describe a number of strokesin any one direction, the catch-bar t3 is raised, and the latch is elevated by a spring, v3, interposed between the two and forced into one ot' the-notches r3.

The tool carriers or stocks are two in number, in order that the machine may be doubleactin g-that is, operate upon a skin With equal effect at each traversent' the tool-supporting` carriage-and are shown at w3 m3, respectively,

each being suspended from and pivoted at its inner corner or edge .to one end of the barrel or slider n3 before named; and in order that each backward-going tool may be lifted from oft' the skin while the opposite tool is acting upon the latter, each tool-stock has pivoted to its outer edge, by a pivot, 118, the lower end of a rod, g3, the upper end of which is pivoted, by a pin-and-slot connection, z3 al, to the outer end of a sleeve, 1.4, which encompasses the adjacent end of an oscillating beam, b4, such beam being disposed longitudinally over the barrel a3, and pivoted at its center to the post m3 of such barrel by a pivot, c4. rIhe pivot 118, by which each tool-carrier is connected with its rod g3, plays within a vertical slot, d4, created in such rod, in order thatsome play may be permitted the tool in passing over inequalities in the skin, and thus preserve the adjacent parts of the machine from the undue thrusts and strains to which they would otherwise be liable, a spring, e4, being combined with each rod and tool-carrier, to retain the latter in close contact with the skin. and aid in relieving the thrusts and strains before alluded to.

As the oscillating beam b4 must tilt from one sloping position to the other with each traverse of the tool-supportin g barrel or slider a3, it becomes necessary to provide a means of alternately locking such beam in position while.one traverse is being made and one tool is acting upon the skin, and, when such traverse is completed, of unlockin or releasing the said beam, and permit it to change its position and lower the opposite tool into contact with the skin, and at the same time elevate from oft' such skin` the tool which has completed its traverse. To effect this result I employ a horizontal annular cam plate ory ring, f, Which is affixed to the under side of the epicycle o r gear h3, and concentric with the stud Z3, before named, the under surface or side of the ring f4 being deeper upon one half than the other, as shown at g4 h4, and operating in connection with rigid studs tij, erected upon the oscillating beam b4, the disposition of the deepest portion or cam g4 with respect to the other portions of the tool-operating mechanism being such that as the slider a3 reaches its extreme position in one direction, and the outgoing tool arrives at its extreme limit, the said cam g4 reeedes from the adjacentstud i4 or jt, and permits that end ot' the beam to rise, and at the same time wipes against the opposite stud and depresses the end of the beam upon which the latter is erected. The value ot' this eammovement for eii'ecting the oscillations ot the beam b4 is seen in the t'act that it is simple, durable, and inexpensive, certain in operation, and noiseless.

In order that the operator may, while the machine is in motion, elevate either ot' the dressing-tools to such an extent as to raise it above the skin during its outgoing movement,

or to lower it into action thereupon, and thus cause a cessation of the operation ot' the ma chine or put it into operation, I' extend the ends ot' each pivot a7 into slots z3, which incline outwardly and are created in the ends of` each sleeve a4. By pushing in either otl the sleeves a4 upon the beam b4 the inclined slots j* act upon the adjacent pivots al. to elevate the rod g3 and dressing-tool, while an outward movement of the slider lupon the beam lowers the tool into action.

To enable the operator to readily effect these movements otthesleeveswI dispose upon each side of, and in the same plane with, the beam b4 a horizontal rail, k, which is supported at each end by a hanger, Z4, depending from the ring-platehetore alluded to, and I combine with each` rail 7a4 two horizontal bolts, m, each ot' such bolts being forced outwardly by aspring, at, and being so arranged that when one is pushed inward by the attendant its inner end shall protrude beyond the inner face ot' the.

rail, and so as to. intercept a stud, 04, projecting outwardly from the side ot' each slider.

Supposin g one tool to be in its depressed or working position, and effecting its outgoing or active lnovement, and it is desired to raise it out of action, the attendant, in such case, pushes inward the bolt which may be in advance ot, and nearest to, the stud projecting from the-adjacent sleeve o, and, as the slider `or carrier n" completes its traverse, this stud is intercepted by the bolt, and pushed inward upon the oscillating beam b4 to its fullest eX- ient, the result being, as before stated, that the inclined slot acts upon the pivot zT to elevate the rod g3 and the outer or workin g edge of the dressing-tool.

Should it be desired to lower said tool into working position, advantage should be taken, preferably, of the point in the outgoing traverse of the slider a3 when the latter has nearly completed its movement, at which time the bolt last named is again pushed'inward, and, as the slider completes its traverse in this direction, the stud upon the sleeve is intercepted bythe bolt, and pushed outward upon the beam b4 and the lod ys, and the adjacent tool lowerech In order that each bolt may be readily operated from the opposite side ot the tool-ear riage I connect with each a rod, g5', which eX- tends across such carriage, and is provided `With a handle, h5, at its extremity.

The scouring-brush of this machine is shown at p4 as disposed intermediate between the tool'stoclis; but as the arrangement and operation ot' this brush is practically the same as shown in my Letters Patent No. 157,691, before referred to, I shall make no allusion to it, except to say that I dispense willi the spring formerly employed to retain it in a given position, and allow the point ot' the cam b8 to entera notch in the outer end of the head or bar c, from which such brush is suspended. The brush is depressed by spiral springs placed over it.

.ln order to remove from each dressingtool such foreign matter as might otherwise adhere to, and interfere with its thorough working, I combine with it a scraper, which passes over .or across its workin g edge at each traverse ot' thetool-carriage and this scraper, in the present instance, consists, simply, ot a wire or rod, g4, bent into the form shown in perspective in Fin'. 4 ot' the drawings. rJhe inner ends if the arms r4 r4 of this wire are coiled, as shown at s4. to provide springs by which to elevate the lower portion, or scraper t4, and the extremities ot` the arms r4 are inserted in the upper side ot' each tool-stock, w3 or An eye, e, is tormed at each bend or corner ofthe rod g4, and in these eyesIinsert the ends ot' a rod, 104, while'through such ends I pass the legs r4 of` a yoke,`y4, the extremities ot' such legs being` inserted in ears a4, erected upon the top ot' each toolstock. The outer end ot' each yoke terminates in curved prong or 'nose a5, which, when the tool-carriage reaches its extreme outward position, wipes against the under side of a stud, b5, which is secured to the lower end ot each arm ot' the arched bar, the contact ot' the nose with the said stud serving to lower the scraper t, and force itl across the edge of the tool, and thereby scrape or clean `from the latter any foreign matter which may have accumulated upon it.

I have further added .to this machine a device for relieving certain portions of it of the strain and thrusts which would ordinarily result from the crank g3 passing its dead-center; and such device consists in the employment, in combination with the barrel or slider A af", of two horizontal rods, c5, affixed one to each end, and upon opposite sides ot' such slider, each rod projecting somewhat beyond the respective end of the slider, and being provided'at its extremity with a piston, d5, to

operate in connection with an aircylinder, e5, secured to the lower part of the adjacent arm ot' the arched standard r1. The disposition ot' the rods c5, pistons d', and cylinders e5 is such that as the tool-carriage reachesits extreme outgoing position, the advance piston enters the cylinder a short distance, and cncounters the air in the latter.

Asthe opposite or outer end ot' each cylinder e5 1s closed by a valve, f5, which opens inward, it follows that as the piston enters the cylinder its advance is obstructed by theair in the latter, which air constitutes a cushion to receive and lessen the thrust of the crank- States, the following:

1. 1n machinery for scouring, setting, or glassing leather or beaming hides, the combination, with the table A, of the upright truck, carrying an overhanging beam, which bears' the tool-operating mechanism, said truck being located at one side of the table, and arranged to travel to and fro of said table, as and for the purposes set forth.

2. 1n machinery for scouring, setting, or glassing leather or beaming hides, the combination, with the skin-supporting table, of a rigid horizontalbeam, supported at one end, andsusceptible of variable or adjustable movements in right lines horizontally, or both horizontall y and vertically, bearing a tool-carriage, substantially as and for the purposes stated.

In machinery for scouring, setting, or glassing leather or beaming hides, the combination, with a stationary skin-supporting table, of a horizontal rigidly-attached beam overhanging the table, and an upright truck disposed to one side ofthe latter, the beam carrying the tool-carriage, and being supported by and sliding vertically upon the truck, and the latter susceptible of traverses to and fro of the table, upon suitable rails or ways. substantially as and for the purposes stated.

4. The combination, with the tool-carriage, of feed mechanism, substantially as described, adapted to operate the carriage to travel over the table in any desired direction, and at equal or variable speeds, substantially in the manner shown and set forth.

5. The combination, with the tool-carriage and the feed mechanism which operates said carriage, as described, of mechanism which automatically stops the movement of the carriage at the times and in the manner set forth. 4

6. The combination, with the table A and its supporting-frame or stage, of adjustingscrews, whereby the stage is adapted toinclined or irregular floors or foundations, and the table is adjustable with respect to the plane in which the tools move, essentially as and for the purposes stated.

7. The combination, with the beam R and truck K, of the eecentricj, operated substantially as described, to effect the vertical ad- .justment of the tools with respect to thetable.

S. The combination of active and idle pulleys l, p2, z2, y2, b3, e3, d3, and Z3, substantially as shown, whereby the tools may be operated in different positions with respect to the table with one belt, in addition to the belt of the driving-pulley q2, essentially as and for purposes stated.

9. The combination of the pulleys q2 and z2 with the standards or columns h1 and t2, substantially' as herein shown, whereby the positions or angles of such pulleys are readily adjusted, and they become interchangeable with respect to each other and to the machine, essentially as and for purposes stated.

10. The combination, with the tools or toolholders, of an annular cam, arranged and operating to oseillate or alternately elevate and depress the tools, substantially as shown and set forth.

tool and its stock, or both, of a scraper, op-

'erating automatically to remove from the working edge of the tool accumulations of foreign matter, substantially as and for purposes stated.

12. In machinery of the class hereinbefore mentioned, the ccmbination, with the toolcarriage, and crank and mechanism for operating said carriage, of air-cylinders and pistons, substantially as shown and set forth, whereby the thrusts and strains consequent upon the crank passing its dead-center are cushioned and lessened, and the machine is relieved from their effects.

13. The combination, with the tool-supporting carriage and the annular frame or plate k2, of the double latch, composed of the latchbar s? and catch t3, supported upon the arm jg, and operating ywith the notched plate g3,

essentially as and for purposes stated.

14. The combination, with the tools and beam or device which alternately raises and lowers the same, of the'cam f4, formed substantially as shown and set forth, to confine or hold the opposite tools rigidly and' powerfully in their respective positions, as described.

15. The combination, with the truck and tool-carrier, of the .clutches by which the traverses of the same are effected, and the rods q Q6 and governor wheel or disk s, substantially as set forth.

16. The mechanism for effecting the traverses of the truck and its adjuncts to and fr0 of the table, consisting of the rack V, pinion W, shaft X, gear a, pinions b b, gears ees, pinions ff( and m m6, in combination with the intermediate sleeves o and o6, shipperrods q1 vQ6, and governor hand-wheel s, substantially as and for the purposes stated.

17. As a means of arresting automatically the travel of the truck and tool-carriage, the

curved levers e1 el and rodsj'1 f1', in combination with the governorwheel s, to throw the shippers q1 q and disen gage the clutch-sleeves o o6 from the pinion with which it is engaged, substantially as and for purposes stated.

1S. The double latch, constructed substantially as described,` in combination vwith a notched plate carried by the tool-carriage, in

11. The combination, with each dressingorder to lock the latter in any given position, substantially Vas and for purposes stated.

19. As a means of automaticallyarresting the travel ot' thetool-carriage upon the beam R, the bentleverf?, in combination with the rods m2 and n2, substantially as stated, such movement of theleverhaving the effect ot'disengaging the clutch by which the carriage is coupled to the mechanism which drives it, essentially as and for purposes stated.

20. The combination, with tlie bolts m4, of the rods g5, by which suoli bolts may be op` erated from opposite sides of the toolcal ringe, substantially as and for purposes stated.

21. The means herein described for maintaining` the eievation of the brush, consisting in the point of the cam t entering a notch, u, in the bar 08, substantially as and for purposes stated. Y

and notched lifting-bar fu", foi: maintaining the elevation ot' the brush, or-lowering the same, snbstantiallyas and for purposes stated.

24. The combination, with the oscillating beam 4b, ot' eain'sleeves a, for elevating or lowering the tools p out of or into Working position while the machine is in motion, substantially as and for purposes stated.

FREDERIC A. LOCKWOOD. `Witnesses:

F. CURTIS, W. E. BOARDMAN. 

